Tips on Writing Effective
Behavior and Discipline Plans
As a parent and parent advocate, I can only offer some ideas that have
worked for children for whom I have advocated. You can explore the law at
Wright's Law and other
sites on the web listed on my links page.
If a child is truly violent, the options are few. If a child is not a danger
to himself or others, (and the law is very explicit on what constitutes such a
"danger"), then he/she needs to be with appropriate peer role models
as much as possible.
As parents of a child with ADHD, you must know what constitutes a legally
defined "danger to self or others." Check out the law and the
regulations. For example, one true danger is bringing a firearm to school.
However, an example of abuse of the law, falls in the category of a small child
bringing Ora-Gel to school and getting in trouble for violating drug laws. So
know what the law really says. There's a lot of activity in Congress regarding
discipline sections of Individuals with Disability
Act (IDEA) and attempts abound to rewrite the law. This remains a very
volatile issue.
An effective way to build in safeguards and protection for your child is to
have a POSITIVE behavior plan and a possible alternative discipline
plan in place. I would look first and foremost at identifying your child's
strengths and interests. It's amazing what can happen when the focus shifts
from expecting poor behavior to building on a youngster's strengths. This
doesn't necessarily have to be in the area of academics; although it's
wonderful if there is an academic strength. Sometimes a mentor in the community
for such an interest, say in pottery, music, or art, can be a very positive
force in a child's life. Even spending an hour or two a week on this interest
can make a dramatic difference in a child's life. I believe this should be a
one-on-one activity to help the child build self-esteem and to let your child
know that one person wants to help him build on his or her unique strengths.
In developing the behavior and discipline plans, it's extremely helpful if
you have access to a child psychologist's expertise to help write those goals
and interventions. Unfortunately, depending on your particular situation,
school staff may or may not be looking out for your child's best interests.
Perhaps they don't want to rock the boat. Again, the focus can end up not on
education, but on other influences. If that happens, your child is the one who
suffers.
On the other hand, I have seen a really great behavior plan, written and
endorsed by the team, help a child improve by leaps and bounds. A good plan
identifies:
- rewards that are truly meaningful to that particular child
- puts in contingency plans (i.e., what to do if a substitute teacher doesn't
know about plan)
- is totally directed toward teaching the child new, more positive and
acceptable behaviors
A behavior plan is not something that is rewarding and convenient for the
district, (i.e. throw him in an empty room and call it time out). If punitive
measures have been used before, you can point out that obviously that method
didn't work, now let's use something that will actually teach to new behaviors.
A good behavior plan always addresses 3 things, called the ABC's of
behavior.
- The antecedent (what was going on just before the behavior)
- The behavior itself
- The consequence (what happens as a result of the behavior)
What schools usually skip is identifying the antecedent, or what triggered
the behavior. No one looked at what was going on that lead to the behavior.
Invariably something happened during a time of transition (change). For
instance, maybe the teacher was attending to something other than the class, or
the child has become the class scapegoat and the teacher enables the class to
continue this behavior. Perhaps the child is tactily sensitive, and becomes
overheated in physical education class, or overwhelmed and over-stimulated by
large crowds.
I.D.E.A. makes it clear, if there are behavior issues, there needs to be
a professional behavior assessment. ALL interventions must be documented on
paper, which ones worked and which ones were not successful. This is the
approach that will pinpoint a lot of problems and can start a child on the road
to competency in the area of behaviors.
While on that subject, here's a favorite area for throwing around the word
"responsibility". A child who lacks competency in the area of
social behavior is told to "act responsibly." Remember, the district
must also shoulder "responsibility" to properly identify the child's
needs and draw up a logical, well thought-out, positive approach to changing
the behavior. The team must act responsibly by staying in close communication
and problem solving before there are any serious problems.
The law also stresses the use of positive interventions, not punitive
interventions or punishment. Punishment does not teach a child new behaviors.
It manages to stop the behavior, but only temporarily. The key is to replace
the unacceptable behavior with positive behavior.
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